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Eye Care Studies (Ocular Surface)
Conclusion: Sleeping on one's stomach may increase the risk of DED symptoms compared to sleeping on one's back or side. Healthcare providers should consider inquiring about sleep position when evaluating patients with DED symptoms, and patients should be advised to avoid sleeping on their stomach if they experience DED symptoms. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this association.
Source: Eye & Contact Lens. 2021 Sep 1;47(5):346-51.
2) Study: Combination Therapy of Meibomian Gland Probing and Intense Pulse Light (IPL) for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease
Conclusion: Combined Meibomian Gland Probing and IPL therapy is an effective treatment option for DED, as it can improve meibomian gland function, tear film stability, and subjective symptoms while reducing corneal staining.
Source: Contact Lens and Anterior Eye. 2021 Feb 1;44(1):101363.
3) Study: Multi-Frequency RF Combined with Intense Pulsed
Light Improves Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease Due to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Light Improves Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease Due to Meibomian Gland Dysfunction
Conclusion: In subjects with moderate to severe DED due to MGD, a series of four treatments consisting of a combination of IPL, multi-frequency RF and MGX decreased symptoms, improved meibum quality and the appearance of eyelids, increased the number of expressible glands, and decreased meibomian gland loss.
Source: Clinical Ophthalmology. 2023;17:3089-3102
Conclusion: MGP appears to stimulate a proliferative epithelial response characterized by an accelerated more superficial formation of ductal basement membrane with increased duct wall epithelial cell layers (DWECL) as well as distal duct wall thickness (DWT) and lumen area at two separate duct foci. These findings suggest activation of lid margin meibomian gland precursor cells and confirm that MGP stimulates an epithelial regenerative phenomenon, not a fibrotic one.
Source: Clinical Ophthalmology. 2024;18:631-645
Conclusion: Dry Eye Disease (DED) was found to be more prevalent in the major depressive disorder (MDD) group. The severity of MDD and DED was found to be correlated. It was observed that patients with higher depression scores had more severe dry eye. As a result, we recommend performing ophthalmic examinations in newly diagnosed MDD patients.
Source: International Ophthalmology. 2024 Mar 29;44(1):163.
Conclusion: Demodex blepharitis results in a significant negative impact on daily activities, creating a psychosocial and symptomatic burden on patients.
Source: Optometry and Vision Science. 2024 Mar 1;101(3):151-156.
Conclusion: The use of combined IPL/LLLT for the treatment of severe MGD appears to be beneficial in patients who have failed topical and/or systemic therapy.
Source: Clinical Ophthalmolology. 2019 Jun 11;13:993-999.
8) Study: Effect of low-level light therapy in individuals with dry eye disease
Conclusion: Low-level light therapy treatment significantly improved signs and symptoms of dry eye in the early phases of treatment, suggesting its efficacy for dry eye management.
Source: Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics 2024; 00: 1–8.
9) Study: Effect of Periodontitis on Dry Eye Disease Signs and Symptoms: A Cross-sectional Study
Conclusion: The findings suggest an association between periodontitis and the severity of signs and symptoms related to DED. The study highlights the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding the systemic implications of periodontal disease and its potential impact on ocular health.
Source: Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry. 2024 Jul 19;22:309-316.
10) Study: Prevalence of Dry Eye Disease in Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis Candidates
Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of DED and abnormalities in LASIK candidates and highlights the importance of ocular surface evaluation before photorefractive surgery.
Source: Eye Contact Lens. 2024 Jul 1;50(7):305-310.
Conclusion: LDN was effective and well-tolerated for NCP treatment.
Source: Ocular Surface. 2021 Apr;20:33-38.
12) Study: Making the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) in patients with dry eye
Conclusion: Patient complaints and clinical findings suggestive of dry eye, especially Aqueous Deficient Dry Eye (ADDE), should always trigger a suspicion of SS and prompt further investigation, including queries about concomitant dry mouth symptoms. All patients with clinically significant ADDE should be considered for serological assessment for SS, given the availability of new serological diagnostic tests and the potentially serious consequences of missing the diagnosis. Vigilance and proactive steps on the part of eye care professionals can play a critical role in facilitating the early recognition of SS and referral to a rheumatologist, enabling timely intervention for both ocular and non-ocular manifestations.
Source: Clinical Ophthalmology. 2015 Dec 24;10:43-53
Conclusion: Combined therapy may have further mechanistic changes in increasing cellular metabolism, in addition to improvements in symptoms and meibum expressibility compared to LLLT alone. LLLT alone could be considered an adjunctive therapy for MGD if IPL is contraindicated.
Source: Cont Lens Anterior Eye. 2025 Jun 9:102456